Top 10 Biggest Historical Ship Sinks in History

Ship wrecks are the biggest man made disaster that has taken thousands of life. These ship wrecks are either caused due to the sinking of the ship or due to ship breached. Here we have the list of the top 10 ships that sank in water.

10. SS Eastland

SS Eastland was a ship that took passengers on tours. It was a ship that was built in Chicago. This ship was constructed in the year 1902 by Jenks Ship Building Company. After the ship was built many problems were encountered in it. Ths ship was top heavy. On 24 July 1915 the ship was taken on lease to carry the workers to Michigan City in Indiana. After the RMS disaster an act was passed called Seaman Act. According to this act the ship has to carry sufficient lifeboats to accommodate all its passengers. Due to this load Eastland became more top heavy and dangerous. On the doomsday around 2572 workers a boarded the ship. The ship was filled to its full capacity and hence it drowned in just 20 feet of water. As the ship rolled on one side people got crushed beneath the heavy weight of furniture and many drowned. More than 845 people lost their lives.

9. MS Estonia

MS Estonia was a cruise ferry which was constructed in the year 1979. After sixteen year of use the ship drowned in the Baltic Sea. On 27 September 1994 the ship took on a journey to Stockholm in Sweden. It was revealed that the front opening of the ship, visor got damaged due to the heavy waves and a hinge was not working properly. The visor got completely open and water came inside the ship flooding the ship. As the power in the ship failed crew members were unable to call for help. After some time the ship sank 275 feet in the water. This disaster was one among the biggest disaster and 852people died in it.

8. RMS Empress of Ireland

The Empress of Ireland was an ocean linear that was launched on 27 January, in the year 1906. It was constructed by Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering.  It collided with a Norwegian Collier on 29 may 1914.the linear got totally damaged due to this collision and submerged in the Saint Lawrence River. There were 1477 people on the linear out of which 1012 people lost their lives.  Surprisingly, among the people who survived there was a fireman who also survived the Titanic sinking.

7. The General Slocum Paddle Steamer

General Slocum Paddle Steamer was built in Brooklyn in the year 1819. PS General Slocum was a steam boat that was also used as a passenger ship. On June 1905 the ship submerged in East New York River as it caught fire. The ship has 1300 passengers loaded in it. The ship was poorly maintained. The fire hoses were rotten and the lifeboats were not accessible. The fire started first in the Lamp room and it soon stretched over the whole ship. When crew members tried to put out the fire using fire hoses they fell apart. In this dangerous mishap around 1021 people lost their lives.

6. RMS Titanic

RMS titanic was a four funneled liner that was constructed to carry passengers to New York from Southampton. It was launched in the year 1912 and was the biggest Ocean liner of that time. This ship wreck is the most popular ship wreck in the history. On 10^th April 1912 the ship sailed with 2200 people on it. After 4 days i.e. on 14^th April the ship stuck an iceberg and sank in the Atlantic Ocean. The ship had the shortage of lifeboats and hence not many people were saved. Around 1500 people died that day on this ship.

5. MV Doña Paz

 

Mv Dona Paz was a passenger ferry that collided with MT Vector (oil tanker) on 20 December in the year 1987. The ship sailed from Tacloban City to Manila. The tanker with which the ship collided was containing thousand barrels of oil. After the collision the tanker caught fire which spread on the ferry. Around 4375 people died in this ship wreck and only 26 people survived this disaster. Among these 26 people 24 people were the passenger and 2 were crew members of MT Vector. No crew member of Dona Paz survived this mishap.

4. SS Sultana

On 27 April 1865 this Mississippian streamer carrying around 2400 people exploded and it submerged near Memphis, Tennessee. This ship was launched in the year 1863 for promoting the cotton trade in the lower Mississippi. The main reason of this disaster was leaky and ill- repaired boilers. Out of the ship’s four boilers three of them exploded and it took away life of around 1600 people. Many of the people who died were Union Soldiers who were returning home who either died due to hypothermia or due to drowning in the river.

3. Halifax Harbor Explosion

The loss of Halifax Harbor, on 6th December 1917 resulted due to massive explosion of the French cargo ship SS Mont Blanc. The explosion was caused when SS Mont Blanc, which was carrying war ammunition, struck with SS Imo, a Norwegian Ship. this explosion not only killed people onboard but also destroyed Nova Scotia, a city of Halifax. The fire illuminated high in the sky and spread inside the city. More than 2,000 people died and around 9,000 people were injured due to the debris and fires. Many of the people who were killed in this explosion were Canadians. All the houses and building structures collapsed and got destroyed in the range of 55 acres along the shore were the explosion took place. Fire was not the only cause that took so many lives, but the explosion gave rise to tsunami and pressure waves that further caused destruction.

2. SS Kiangya

SS Kiangya was a Chinese Steamship which was carrying refugees of Chinese Civil War. The estimated numbers of people on board were around 5000 while the capacity of the ship was just 1,186. This explosion resulted from the collision of the Chinese Steamship with a Japanese Naval mine left behind since World War II. After the explosion the ship submerged in Huangpu River near Shanghai. The exact estimation of died people is still not known but it is said that around 3,920 people were killed in that explosion.

1. MV Wilhelm Gustloff

MV Wilhelm Gustloff was a German Cruise Liner launched on 5 May 1937. This disaster is not known to many people as it took place in the war time. The ship sank in the water after getting hit by a torpedo launched by Soviet S-13 submarine. The ship was chartered to evacuate troops and German civilians from the Red Army. The ship was struck by 3 Russian torpedoes and it submerged in just 45 minutes in the water. Many people died due to the torpedoes and many died as they were not able to survive the cold water. The estimated death toll is 9,000 which make this disaster the biggest maritime disaster in the human history.

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Top 10 Unexplained Disappearances

There are many people who were reported as missing and were never founded. The list of missing people has very well known personalities who are marked as missing because their cases were not solved in spite so many investigations. So here is the list of top 10 unexplained disappearances.

10. Louis Le Prince

 

Louis Le Prince was a Frenchman and was the inventor of the first motion picture camera along with projection system. He tested his camera in year 1888 to shoot a scene of Roundhay Garden, in which he was successful by making a clip of nearly about two seconds. His disappearance took place in September 1890 when he boarded a train to Paris to meet his family and to demonstrate his camera over there. But as the train arrived at Paris, Mr. Louis Le Prince along with his luggage and camera was disappeared. No trace of him was found anywhere. But afterwards Thomas Edison invented the same type of camera which was pointing that may be he is responsible for Louis Le Paris disappearance.

9. Flight 19

Flight 19 was a group of five torpedo trainees who disappeared during their training in Florida. In 1945 they were on their training mission and suddenly contact was broken and they all were lost. Not even single evidence of their’s was found and along with that when a new plane was exploded in their search carrying 13 airmen was also lost. This was reported as the most unusual disappearances since in this the search team was also lost. This case became the most debated topic and many theories were also set on this. Some theories were also regarding supernatural powers and some stated that they must have flown to mars. This incident became the important factor in the formation of the Bermuda Triangle.

8. Ambrose Bierce

 

Ambrose Bierce was a very famous American writer. Ambrose was famous for his Devil’s Dictionary and along with many squat stories of ghosts and devils and evils. He became famous at San Francisco Examiner where he kept his suspicious, pessimistic and sarcastic ideas. His theories  gave him the famous the name “Bitter Bierce”. His unusual disappearance was reported when he was on his tour to battlefields in south in 1931 when he was around seventy one year old. He passed Mexico and stayed there as an observer of Pancho villa’s Army during the Mexican revolution. And their only near Chihuahua in late 1913 or we can say in early 1914 he was lost. Some critics said that he was murdered by Pancho because they were afraid of their secrets being revealed to the enemy. His last letter which described about pan of old age and diseases points out that it can be the case of suicide too.

7. Percy Fawcett

 

Percy Fawcett was a British archaeologist, was very famous for his map-making. Percy Fawcett was a great lover of adventure and had made mostly maps regarding the south jungles of America. He wanted to find the undiscovered cities which are lost deep in jungles. On 25 may, 1925 Percy along with his son jack gone to Brazil for expedition, sent his wife a wired message regarding his search of a new uncharted territory of the mythical city. This was the last time when his was voice was heard after this no trace of Percy and his son Jack was found. Many explanations were given like the Indian tribe who are conscious of their culture and hostility would have killed them. It was also bizarre that he became the chief of Cannibalistic Indians. Many search teams were sent in his search but results were nil, leading to the death of nearly 100 people.

6. D.B. Cooper

D.B. Copper is the one most popular criminal in American history. The name D.B. cooper was his assumed name or it is name kept by people of this unknown man. D.B. cooper hijacked a commercial airline i.e. Boeing 727 in 1971 and in ransom for releasing the passengers he asked for four parachutes and unmarked bills of 200,000. When his demand was fulfilled then he ordered pilots to again take off plane to Reno, Nevada. Then around Vancouver he lowered the stairs of the aircraft and then jump off with the parachute. That was the last time when he was seen and then he was lost forever and his identity was remain a secret.

5. The Mary Celeste

The Mary Celeste was a merchant vessel which was also known as “ghost ship” after the incident of disappearance of seven crew members along with the family of Captain Benjamin Briggs. The Mary Celeste was found in 1872 which was deserted and drifted in Atlantic Ocean. The vessel’s life raft was totally damaged and the ship was having all the necessary items which were required for survival but no trace of life was found. The theory of piracy also came but on the ship all the valuables were untouched so that theory was rejected.

4. Joseph Force Crater

On the night August 6,1930, a well known judge in New York City, was disappeared through a crater which was afterwards became with name of “Joseph Force Crater”. When this incidence happened of disappearance it became a national fascination. There were theories set that Crater’s safe box was stealed along with thousands of dollar, but no concrete proof was found.

3. The Lost Colony

The most interesting and mass disappearance was of the whole colony of Roanoke Island in 1587. In this incident a group of 114 people try to settle a colony at that island, but for the permission to establish a permanent colony over there and with the fear of local tribes the commander of those people John White was gone back to England. When he came back in 1590 with the permission he found no one over there, in fact no single trace was found of habitation of those people on that island

2. Amelia Earhart

Amelia Earhart can be considered as the most famous and well known personality in the list. She was the pilot and had broken numerous records in her field. In 1937 she had he most remarkable achievement with Fred Noonan as the Navigator. In this achievement she flew the fight all around the world. She met several mishaps in the journey like bad and unpredictable weather conditions. Also it happened that she wanted to refuel the plane but was unable to find the place to refuel. There at that journey at sometime her plane lost the contact will all the stations and was marked as missing. This happened in July 2 when her missing plane was investigate but was not found even after placing a search at 250,000 miles of the ocean. Not even a single piece of information was found after so much of search and investigation. There are many theories which said that either she crashed in an island and died or their plane suffered lock of gas and went into the ocean.

1. Jimmy Hoffa

Jimmy Hoffa who was the well known labour organiser. In International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Jimmy Hoffa was at the position of the president and remained there for many years. In spite of many investigations his missing case remained a mystery and is yet a mystery and an unsolved case. This case took years of investigations and speculations but the not conclusion was found. He had remarkable mob connections. This case is said to be the most mysterious case ever. Investigators strongly doubt that Jimmy Hoffa is murdered because his business has strong connections with the families who were involved in crime. His dead body was not been found and people doubt that either his body was being mixed into the concrete which was used in the building of Giant football Stadium of New York or it was buried under the swimming pool which was crushed by Compactor in Michigan. He was considered as dead in the year 1982. The case of Jimmy Hoffa’s file is not closed.

Tags: ambrose bierce, american writer, bermuda triangle, bierce ambrose, disappearance, evils, frenchman, inventor, missing people, new plane, prince louis, projection system, san francisco examiner, search team, supernatural powers, thomas edison, torpedo, train to paris, trainees, unexplained disappearances

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Top 10 Most Followed Hindu Deities India

There are a large variety and number of gods who are being worshipped throughout the world. There are different religions which support the worship of different gods. So here we have the list of Top 10 Most Followed Hindu deities in India

10.)Yama

The last but not the least is lord yama is also known as Yamaraja. Yamaraja basically means the king of death. He is famous in many mythologies like Tibetan, Korean, Japanese, and even Chinese, Buddhist and Sikh too. Lord Yama has only one temple which is located in Sriyanchiyam in Tamil Nadu. Lord Yama is considered as the first being who after death became the god of death.

9.)Indra

Lord Indra is one of most powerful and popular god of this world. He was called as the god of rain and thunder and he was considered as the king of the heaven and thus heads of gods. Lord Indra is famous for his many good and bad stories. He was a mixture of both good and bad elements. He is considered by religions like Buddhism, Hindu, Taoism and Bali. He uses vaira as his weapon and use elephant (Airawat) to ride.

8.) Buddha

According to Hindu mythology lord Buddha is considered as ninth incarnation of lord Vishnu, whereas according to Buddhists he is considered as a human being. He was the one who found the world’s fourth largest religion i.e. Buddhism and from then onwards he became the one of most famous god of the world. He used to say that his soul was a mixture of various Bodhisattvas and then he was borne as Gautama Buddha.

7.)Brahma

Brahma is also known as Trimurti as he has four faces. He is the one who is known as the creator. His wife is goddess Sarasvati. He sits on a lotus. It is said that the lotus which grew from the naval of lord Vishnu was the one in which Lord Brahma resided. Also lord Vishnu was sleeping at the time when the lotus was born. His famous temple is located in Pushkar and is known as Brahma temple. It is said that Lord Brahma created the world.

6.)Ganesha

He is a very special god. He has is a son of goddess Parvati and lord Shiva. He has the treasure of knowledge, heath, wisdom, success and also wealth. Since lord Ganesh ahs the treasure of success so he is worshipped at the beginning of every occasion. It is said that if Lord Ganesh is worshipped at the beginning then he helps in destroying each and every obstacles that occur. His face is that of elephant and he favourite food is ladoo. His vehicle is a rat. He wrote the well known epic called Mahabharata and so is considered to be the fastest writer. He is also known by other names that are Vinashak and also Vighneshvara.

5.)Hanuman

Lord Hanuman is the great devotee of Lord Ram. He has a large number of tales. He was a monkey. He was the son of Anjana and so is known as Anjana-putra .he is also the main figure of Indian epic named Ramayana. He was the son of wind and so is also recognised as Pawan-putra Hanuman. Vayu deity was the one who carried Hanuman in Anjana’s womb. Lord Hanuman is the incarnation of Lord Shiva and took birth to help Lord Ram to get mata sita back from Raavan. Also Lord Hanuman is a Brahmachari.

4.)Krishna

The eight avatar of Lord Vishnu is Krishna. he had 16000 wives. And is also the one who destroys pain and sin. He loved Radha from his childhood. He was a great flute player and is also known as Bansiwala. Also his popular names are Gopala, Vasudeva and Makhan chor. Dvarpara yuga was his birth place. Lord Krishna also played a great role in Mahabharata, a great Indian Epic. He was the sarthi of Pandava putra and also advised Arjun for the battle. His teachings and advices are bought together in Bhagwat Gita. He not only supported Hinduism rather he also supported Buddhism, Ismailia Muslim Faith, Baha’i Faith, Jainism and also Ahmadiyya Islam.

3.)Rama

Rama is main charactor of Indian epic Ramayan. His wife is godess sita. The seventh avatar of Lord Vishnu is Lord Rama itself. He fought a battle against ravan to saev his wife from sita. He was the putra of maharaj dusharth.  His father send his to vanvaas for 14years. Deepawali is the festival which is celebrated all around as the occasion of Rama returning Ayodhya back. Rama is known for his courage, moral values, compassion and duties which he had toward the mankind and that is why is popularly called as Mariayada Purushotum Ram. His wife sitais an avatar fo godess Lakshmi. Dusshera is also celebrated on the occasion of lord Ram defaeting Raavan

2.)Vishnu

Lord Vishnu comes next, both Lord Shiv and lord Vishnu share the second position. Both the Lord are equal. Lord Vishnu on the other hand is the life preserver. Lord Vishnu is the god of peace. The most important principles of Lord Vishnu are Order, Rightness and truth. Lord Vishnu had 10 incarnation which shows the moral values related to this divinity. His 10 incarnations are also popularly known as Dashavataram as all the 10 incarnations had different avatars. He took 10 incarnations to maintain the peace and also his duty on the earth. His wife is named as goddess Lakshmi and he occupies two sects of Hinduism which are named as Vaishnavism. Sheshnaag is the place where lord Vishnu resides

1.)Shiva

Lord Shiva is considered to be the supreme devta all around the world in the major section of hindu religion. The Part in hinduisim which describes lord shiva is known as Shaivasm. Lord shiv is said to be the most powerful and the strongest god with devine powers. He is the god of death and termination. Somnath is the temple of Lord Shiav and is very famous all around the world. He has a beautiful wife named Parvati and also ahs two son named as Ganesh and Kartikey. Shiv is also known as the Destroyer. He is known with various names like Bhole Nath, Pashupati, Neelkantha. He is a great dancer too and that is why he is also known with the name of Natraj.

Tags: bodhisattvas, different religions, famous temple, four faces, gautama buddha, god of death, god of rain, goddess parvati, goddess sarasvati, hindu deities, hindu mythology, lord brahma, lord buddha, lord indra, lord shiva, lord vishnu, ninth incarnation, rain and thunder, tamil nadu, trimurti

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Top 10 Civilizations that were Ruined

A civilization is called to a human society which are formed together with different tasks performed. Many such ancient civilizations are a wonder with their achievements and creations. Some of the civilization have some remarkable monuments even today though they are ruined.  of the ancient civilizations were ruled by kings and were destroyed by the invasion of another kingdom. There are many civilizations which are ruined and some of them are,

10. Indus Valley Civilization

One of the India’s oldest civilizations Indus Valley, which is also known asBronze Age Civilization. It got its name as the civilization originated from Indus valley river. It is one of the largest ancient among all. Everyone of us might have studied about this civilization in our school history subject and most of us are much familiar with its contemporaries Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt. This civilization was well-known for its handicrafts and metals.  These are the beginners and who introduced the road side drainage system. In another name it is also known as the Harappan civilization. The civilization is world famous for its buildings even today with some of its centers such as Harappa, Lothal, Mohenjo- daro. Mohenjo-daro is one of the most film shooting place famous for its scenic beauty. They were also the first to introduce the use of weights and measures with accuracy for construction purposes by the engineers. Around 1800 BCE the civilization gradually decreased and in 1953 it was declared this civilization was totally abandoned due to the invasions of “Aryans”.

9. Roman Empire Civilizations

Roman empire is also one of the ancient civilizations and one of the world famous with its rulers and they imposed a great deal on the world. Rome being its capital place, is known for its spectacular buildings. Even today the place is as wonderful to visit. Julius Caesar is one of the well-known dictator of the civilization around from 44 BC. The civilization is known for its language, religion, culture and architecture. In comparison to other civilizations the roman women enjoyed a sense of freedom as they remained a sole owner in terms of any property given by their parents. Though they did not stand a position in voting and other political involvement.  The empire was also known for its slavery and as much as 35 percent of the population in Italy were slaves. The main contribution in the architecture by this empire is the Arch and Dome. Roman art introduced the mosaic form for floors and they are wel establishes for sculptures and monuments.

8. Mayan Civilization

This civilization was not completely into the public view until 19^th century, and was ruled from second to ninth century AD. They are known for their mathematical and astronomical systems. The famous Mayan Calendar according to which the world was suppose to ended by now is from this period which begins on a date equivalent to 11 August 3114 BC. The people of this civilization built many world famous monuments and temples. The most recognized monuments were the stepped pyramids. Their astronomical calculations were very accurate in comparison to the Julian calendar of the Roman Empire. The Mayas practiced human sacrifice in which a person was held by his legs and hands were held. While a priest cut opens his heart and offers it to the God.

7. Celtic Civilization

The Celts are the people of medieval Europe who spoke Celtic language and are a group of tribal people from Iron Age. This civilization is known for its language and literature. The languages specifically are Celtic or Gaelic. Most of the Celtic art were based on the animal symbols. The people of Celts are known for head hunting, as they considered human head is the most sacred one as it carries intelligence as well as emotions. So in battlefield their victory is to cut off the heads of the enemies and carry them along with their horses and hand over them to the leader. This civilization declined by the invasion of Roman empire and most of the people were brought into the roman civilization. One of the world famous heritage of this civilization is the famous Stonehenge.

6. Inca Civilization

One of the world famous wonders of the world Machu Picchu is represented from this civilization. It was started in 1450 and was destroyed during the Spanish conquest. The people of this tribe were famous for their textile art and architecture was one of the concerns while the engineers constructed with stones. The civilization is one of the short lived, which lived only for around 100 years. They were conquered by the Spanish in 1532.

5. Kingdom of Kush Civilization

This is a civilization of African kingdom which was longer more than the Roman  dynasty and was there almost for 13 hundred years. It is a very spiritual civilization and its spiritual center was Napata. They stayed under the Egypt dynasty almost for 500 years, but found their own power later. They were known for their skilled iron workers, jewelery, and weapons. Many emperors tried to invade the Kushites but failed. They were never invaded. The rise of Axum’s made the civilization decline.

4. Egyptian Civilization

A civilization of northeastern Africa which based on the Nile river came to more power when they learn to adapt to irrigation using the river water. Slowly they developed into reformed social dynasty. This civilization is known for its monuments and temples with its construction of pyramids.  Their architecture was widely appreciated and also was copied. In 332 BC Egypt was conquered by Alexander the Great.

3. Khmer Empire Civilization

The Khmer Empire which is now known as Cambodia is world famous for its temples. The main religion of this civilization was Hinduism and Buddhism. The Empire stayed through out the ninth to 13^th century. They worshiped Vishnu and Shiva deities.

2. Minoan Civilization

This was formed across the island called Crete. The civilization was seen from 27^thcentury to the 15^th century BC. The civilization is known for its Pottery styles. Building palaces was originated from this civilization though the scholars now believe that the palaces might have started more earlier from some other civilizations. The Minoan civilization initially declined due to a huge volcanic eruption and later proceeded with the invasion Atlantis.

1. Mycenaean Civilization

This civilization was found in Greece about 2000 BC. They took over after the Minoan civilization and they also won the Troy. The people of this civilization buried their nobles in a beehive tombs. They were buried in the sitting position and along with jewelry, gold, tiara in honor to them. There were only limited literacy.

Tags: ancient civilizations, ancient egypt, aryans, bce, bronze age civilization, civilizationone, construction purposes, drainage system, harappan civilization, history subject, human society, invasions, julius caesar, langua, mohenjo daro, remarkable monuments, roman empire, school history, spectacular buildings, weights and measures

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Top 10 Greatest Mathematicians of all Time

Mathematics was born in 1900 B.C. Its first guardians were Babylonians and the Sumerians, who were inhabitants of the land we today know as Iraq. These were the peoples who laid down the foundation of Arthematics, Algebra, Geometry and many other aspect of mathematics. After the downfall of the Babylonians, the ownership of mathematics was then given into the hands of the Egyptians who nourished it with equal devotion and care. Moving on the next caretaker of mathematics were the Greeks; the land of Greece has bestowed the earth with so many marvelous, splendid and extra ordinary scientist, the history of these people is filled with so many philosophers, scientists and mathematicians. The Greeks modernized mathematics and gave it a new shape in the years 700 BC to 300 BC; they were the ones who actually brought the idea of a decimal number into the existence.
The next in line to the Greeks were the Hindus, they started to work on mathematics in the beginning centuries of A.D and then after a couple of centuries they passed on it to the Muslims who remained its owner for several centuries. Then ownership was given to the Europeans and is still under their possession, the Europeans were the one who made all the advancements in these fields in the 16th century. The most important thing to remember is that they are not the owners of mathematics but the caretakers. The real owners are those five nations who actually discovered and laid down the foundation of the phenomenon which today is known as the modern and advanced mathematics.
If we discuss the role and importance of mathematics in our lives, it is a never ending list. If we take a look around ourselves, each and every invention is an amalgamation and combination of chemistry and physics along with mathematics. The luxuries were enjoy today would not have been possible if mathematics were not brought to life. If we take a close look then it is not the subject which made all these miracles possible, but it is the knowledge, devotion and hard work of the people who dedicated and committed their entire lives to the subject. These are the people whose hard work gave a new life to this world, the greatest mathematicians of this world who discovered the secrets buried under the land with their wisdom. The ten greatest mathematicians of the world are:
10. AL-KHWARIZMI:

This great mathematician was born in 780 A.D in Baghdad which is now in the territory of Iraq in the region of the Caliph Haroon Al-Rashid. Al-manun, the son of Haroon found an academy where Al-Khwarizmi worked as a translator, he converted books from Greek. He then started working on astronomy and algebra, his book “Hisab al-jabr w’al-muqabala” is a living proof of the intelligence and wisdom of this stupendous mathematician, his work helped a great deal in encountering the everyday technical problems; the word ‘algebra’ was actually a gift from him. His work revolved around the Natural numbers, linear and quadric equations, roots, squares and binomial, he actually introduced the Natural numbers. It is a well known fact that the Hindus were the one who invented the idea of zero but it was Al-Khwarizmi who primarily involved zero in his calculations. He was the mentor of algebra who died in 850 A.D.

9. G.F BERNHARD RIEMANN:

Georg friedrich Bernhard Riemann was a German mathematician; born in 1826 he was a student of Gauss, Weber, Klein and Einstein but he deeply adored and esteemed Dirichlets and followed his steps into mathematics. This dedicated scientist didn’t have a natural wisdom but all his intelligence was the aftermath of his hard work and dedication. He took interest in mathematics from his early age and soon rose to become one of the greatest mathematicians. His first lecture which was delivered on 10th June 1854 left everyone spell bounded; a portion of his lecture is what today in known as Riemann’s space and the second portion was based on the study involving the future of algebra, his research stunned everyone present at the occasion. He made research on the Zeta function (Euler’s work). His main area of interest was Topology and he removed many doubts from the study of aliphatic integral, he worked on dirichlet’s principle too. He wrote certain papers and did research in many other spheres of mathematics; his final work was however left unfinished which was later finished by Klein.
8. RENE’ DESCARTES:

Rene Descartes born 1650 was a French thinker and mathematician. His main area of work was geometry as he gave a shape to every equation in algebra, calculus or any other branch of mathematics; he acted as a bridge between algebra and geometry. The best thing about his work is that he didn’t believe in limits, he considered every possible solution for an equation. He was the counselor of the analytical geometry. He gave birth to the idea of Area of a substance and worked on tangents, he also produced some remarkable research on the refractive index.
7. Jules Henri Poincare:

Poincaré was a French engineer, theoretical physicist, mathematician, and a scientific philosopher. He is one the most innovational, stimulating and visionary mathematician of this world. This father of algebraic topology, has made advancements in periodic orbits and in differential calculus, he introduced the second law of thermodynamics. He laid down the Poincare’s juncture, a complex problem which no one could encounter for a century. He excelled in topology but he did work in many other departments of mathematics and physics.

6. ARCHIMEDIES:

Archimedes born 287 B.C was a Greek engineer, mathematician, physicist, astronomer and inventor; he made some breath taking and historical discoveries in mathematics. He discovered screw, liver, pulley, fulcrum and he invented a mirror, not a simple mirror but a weapon; you can spark a fire by focusing the sun’s rays through the mirror. He invented various weapons and machine through the combination of mathematics which played a vital role in the victories experienced by the Greek in wars. He calculated the value of pi, a constant which made the calculation of area and circumference of any sphere possible.
5. WILHELM LEIBNIZ:

Leibniz was German mathematician as well as a philosopher of the 17th century. He enjoys equal esteem as Newton, he started his career as lawyer but then his interest started increasing towards philosophy and he gradually got attracted towards the science, According to him there was always a possible explanation for every occurring. His area of interest was theology but then he enter into the zone of calculus as he brought into existence the concept of calculus, he actually invented calculus. He deeply studied the space, motion and certain other phenomenon’s and laid down the foundation of dynamics, he also worked on the binary system. His work was however not given much praise because the folks themselves were not of the caliber to comprehend his explanation, his topics he worked on were later given much importance but that was a century or so after his death.
4. ISAAC NEWTON:

Sir Isaac Newton is a legend, his work and dedication cannot be put into words; he was a mathematician, philosopher, astronomer, alchemist, theologian and physicist. He presented the three laws of motions; these three laws provided the base of physics. The also presented the law of gravity. His work is still a part of every invention.
3. EUCLID:

Euclid was a Greek mathematician of the 300 BC from Alexandra, he is also known as the father of geometry. His work has been given a lot of respect till the 20th century. He worked on the conic sections, number theory, spherical geometry, rigor etc. it is due to the hard work of Euclid that today we have a field named geometry in mathematics. His master piece “element” was a global success. His work was succeeded by many of his pupils such as Eudoxus, Chios, theaetetus and theudius etc.

2. CARL FRIEDRICH GAUSS:

“The prince of mathematics”, this is what gauss is called; he was born in the year 1777 and he devoted himself to science at a very early stage. He made his first big discovery at the age of 19, when he proposed a way to construct a heptadecagon. He proved the theorem a+bi and represented his ideas regarding the natural number which are proved to be true. He introduced many laws which are still used today. He worked on differential theorem, Gaussian curvature and integral theorem.

1.LEONHARD EULAR:

He was a Swiss mathematician born in the beginning of the 18th century in year 1707. He is regarded as one the most successful mathematician of the history. He was the progenitor of mathematical notation. He introduced various constant such as “I” iota, Euler’s number and he also used e as the base of natural logarithm. The provided a way to find out the ratio of the circumference of the circle to its diameter. He provided various formulas for trigonometry and calculus. He introduced zeta function and plenty of other theorems. All the discovered that have been made up till not could not have been possible without Euler’s work

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Top 10 Worshipped Religious Places in India

India is the only country where we have so many so many religious groups. As different people have different religious views here, we have different kinds of religious places. Hindus have their temples, Muslims have mosques, and Sikhs have gurudwaras. Further, we have many Buddhist monasteries, churches and synagogues as well. In the nutshell, we can say that, in India we have a religious place for everyone, no matter what the religion of that particular person is. And these are not just religious places, but they depict the entire culture of this country.

If you or any elder person in your family is planning for a trip to some religious place in India, this article is going to help you a lot in deciding your destination. We have collected a list of the top 10 Religious places in India. Please make sure that wherever you are planning to go, at least one of these places must be included in your list of destinations.

10. Mathura

Mathura, popularly known as “Shri Krishnabhoomi” in India is regarded as the place where the Lord Krishna was born. People who are a great devotee of Krishna have an eager desire to visit Mathura at least once in their lifetimes. This is a holy place and numerous mythological stories are associated with this place. It is believed that Lord Krishna lived here and always benefitted the people living here by doing various magical deeds.

9. Somnath

The Lord Shiva’s temple Somnath is very famous among people all over India. The history of India sys that this temple has been destroyed numerous times by different people, but it is the religious beliefs of the people that this temple is intact till date. If you are a devotee of Lord Shiva, you must visit this temple at least once. It is situated at 40Km distance from the district of Junaghadj.

8. Vaishno Devi

The Vaishno Devi Mata shrine, situated in the Jammu and Kashmir is at the 8^th position in our list of top 10 religious p[laces in India. This is something known to almost every Indian citizen. Every year, thousands of visitors visit this place. A trip to Vaishno Devi is planned in homes of India very carefully, mainly because of this location; it is at a height of 5300 feet. Earlier on, people used to travel to the Shrine by foot only, but now many other options such as pony are available. The pilgrims have a hard time here, but it is in India only that people are willing to do so much just because of their religious beliefs.

7. Amarnath

After the Vaishno Devi Mata Shrine, Amarnath is the next big pilgrim spot of the Indian people, Hindus, particularly. One of the most interesting belief associated with the cave of Amarnath is that the Shiv Linga situated here is made up of ice and it melts as the size of the moon reduces. On the full moon day, you would be able to see the complete Shiv Linga. Not only this Shiv Linga, but there are also many other statues made up of ice, such as the Lord Ganesha idol, the Devi Parvati idol and many such others situated in this cave.

6. Kedarnath

It seems that Hindus are very much associated with the Lord Shiva. He is considered as the Lord of all the other Gods and Godesses, the Mahadeva. One of the most important shrines of Lord Shiva, the Kedarnath is located somewhere in the midst of the Kedarnath mountain range. It is believed that there are twelve jyotilingas dedicated to Mahadeva and Kedarnath is one out of them. This temple was built in the 8^th century and yet its shine is the same even today. When you would visit the temple, you would be surprised to see that a large Nandi Bull statue would be standing at the door to welcome you.

5. Khajuraho

The Khajuraho temples, situated in Madhya Pradesh are one of the most popular religious places in this country of religions- India. As soon as you enter the temple, every wall you see is depicting a deep insight into the historical India. I am sure you would be very delighted to see this scenario. The culture of ancient India is elegantly presented by the architecture of these temples. Every year, in the month of March, a dance festival is held here and that is reason why most of the visitors want to come here in March only.

4. Ayodhya

Ayodhya, the birthplace of Lord Rama is considered to be a very sacred place and people of India want to visit here once in their lifetimes for sure. This city is situated on the banks of Gogra River. Earlier on, this city was known as Kosaldesa as it was the capital city of Kosal. The Indians believe that this city is the land of Gods and Goddesses themselves and visiting here means visiting to the heaven itself.

3. Mysore

It is unlikely that any Indian would be unaware of the cultural importance of the Mysore district of Karnataka. The most famous one is the Dussera festival of this city. It is unlike all the Dussera festivals all over the world, where the statues of Ravana are burned, rather, in this festival, very large, or what we can say, gigantic statues of Ravana are made and then burned. To visual the fact hoe Rama killed Ravana and established thevictory of good over the evil, this festival must be attended by an Indian.

2. Dakshineshwar Kali Temple

All those people who pray to the Indian Goddess Kali, are very much respectful to the Dakshineshwar Kali temple situated in the state of West Bengal. Every year, several visitors from all over the country visit this temple. This is one of the oldest historical monuments in India. All thanks to Rani Rashmoni, a patroness of India, who was a great devotee of Goddess Kali, that this temple was founded. Actually, it was the whole Dakshineshwar village that got converted into this temple.

1.Haridwar

Haridwar is at the top position in our list of the top 10 religious places in India. The major reason for such a huge popularity of this place is that the river Ganga flows here. Another reason is that it is here that the Kumbha mela is organised. The river Ganga is considered to be the most holy river of the world and hence, not only from India, but people from very far away, also come here to take the blessings. It is believed that the river Ganga has its origin from the kesh (hair) of Lord Shiva. Hence, nothing can be holy than the river Ganga, and the one who bathes in this river, gets rid from all the sins.

Tags: buddhist monasteries, devotee, eager desire, elder person, hindus, history of india, india india, jammu and kashmir, laces, lifetimes, lord krishna, lord shiva, mathura, mosques, religious beliefs, religious groups, religious place, religious places, religious views, sikhs

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